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Barcode Glossary
= Best, Northwest Recommends = proprietary
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Characters
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Name
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Picture
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Description
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OCR-A Code |  |
O.ptical C.haracter R.ecognition, when scanned is transferred into numbers. The OCR-A code is the easiest character
set to decode. Once decoded, this information can allow matching and even intelligent inserting or bindery in the
direct mail industry.
United States Postal Service, 1965
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MICR checks |  |
M.agnetic I.nk C.haracter R.ecognition is the accepted method for encoding bank checks. The MICR codes are interpreted
by unique magnetic waves the characters produce instead of the optical properties.
Stanford University and Bank of America
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Linear Barcodes
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Name
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Picture
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Description
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2of5 Interleave |  |
Interleaved 2 of 5 (often seen as I25) represents characters by the arrangement of two wide bars in
a total 5 bars, which gives 10 combinations. By arranging the spaces in a similar way pairs of digits
can be coded. This code will only encode numeric data (i.e. numeric characters 0-9). Although it is a
slightly more compact barcode than Code 39 (a print density of 9 digits per inch compared to code
39 s 10 digits per inch) it is not considered as secure.
ref: O Neil Software, Inc.
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| 2of5 Industrial |  |
Industrial Code 2 of 5 barcode is a low density numeric barcode that does not require a checksum.
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| CodaBar |  |
A numeric-only bar code type, in which each character is composed of seven elements: four bars and three spaces. CODABAR is currently used in a variety of applications such as libraries, medicine, and overnight package delivery. Also known as USD-4 code, NW-7, and 2 of 7 code, it was originally developed for retail price-labeling use.
ref: CYBRA
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| Code 11 |  |
Code 11 barcode is a high density numeric barcode. Code 11 is a higher density barcode and requires a checksum to be calculated.
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| Code 128A |  |
Code 128 represents characters by the arrangement of 3 bars and 3 spaces with each bar or space
being 1,2,3 or 4 elements wide. Each character always finishes up 11 elements wide. The only
exception to this is the stop code. There are 107 characters including 11 special characters which
are interpreted as start, stop, code select and function characters. There are 3 code sub-sets: A,B &
C. Switching, by means of the code select characters, between A and B enables any ASCII
character, upper or lower case, to be coded. A much longer barcode at
14.5 digits per inch can create problems as print tolerances are tight and so it is only recommended
where a high standard of print quality is achievable.
ref: O Neil Software, Inc.
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| Code 128B |  |
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| Code 128C |  |
C gives only numeric pairs.
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Code 39 |  |
Code 39 (often referred to as 3 of 9) was developed in 1974 by Intermec for applications requiring an
alphanumeric code. Widely adopted by public offices, the parcels industry and the retail sector, it is
now the most used amongst the industrial codes. It allows for the coding of 43 characters (i.e.
alphabetic, numeric and 8 additional characters) including a character reserved for use as a start/stop
character. Each character consists of 5 bars and 4 spaces. 3 of the 9 bars/spaces (elements) are
wide, hence the name. The reasons for its popularity are its ability to code alphanumeric data, its
reliability and ability to be easily printed. There is a measure of self checking within characters but
security rapidly degenerates with poor quality printing.
ref: O Neil Software, Inc.
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| Code 93 Ext. |  |
Code 93 barcode was designed to provide a barcode with higher density and higher security than the Code 39 barcode. Code 93 is a higher density barcode and it requires two checksums to be calculated.
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PostNet |  |
POSTNET (POSTal Numeric Encoding Technique) barcode font is a special font developed by the U. S. Post Office to encode zip code information. POSTNET bar codes on US mail improves the speed, accuracy and delivery of mail. Some US Post Offices also offer a discount for sending bulk mail when you use the POSTNET barcode on US mail.
USPS
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Planet |  |
The PLANET Barcode's symbology is the same as POSTNET except tall strokes are short and short are tall. These barcodes are required by the US Post Office to use their new CONFIRM service. CONFIRM provides confirmation that customers received the mail, allowing mailers to synchronize telemarketing programs with direct mail campaigns or augment other advertising media with their mailings.
Northwest Mailing offers a portal to this reports through Plant Track.
USPS
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FIM Codes |  |
FIM (Facing Identification Mark) font is a special font used by the US Post Office to separate business reply mail from other mail.
A = Courtesy Reply Mail with pre-printed POSTNET, B = Business Reply Mail without POSTNET, C = Business Reply Mail with POSTNET, D = OCR mail without pre-printed POSTNET
USPS
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OMR (GBR) |  |
OMR (Optical Mark Reading) is the process to detect the presence of intended marked responses. A mark or response position as it is often called, registers significantly less light than the surrounding paper.
These GBR marks can be used on the edge of a page in order to indicate the beginning and end of collated sets.
Xerox
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UPC 12 |  |
Universal Product Code. The standard bar code type for retail products in the United States.
ref: CYBRA
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| EAN 13 |  |
European Article Numbering system. The international standard bar code for retail food packages. The EAN-13 bar code type has 12 data characters, one more data character than the UPC-A code. An EAN-13 symbol contains the same number of bars as the UPC-A but encodes a 13th digit into a parity pattern of the left-hand six digits. This 13th digit, in combination with the 12th digit, represents a country code. The JAN-13 (Japanese Article Numbering system) is a special application of EAN-13.
ref: CYBRA
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| ISBN |  |
The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a 10-digit system allowing publishers, libraries, and book dealers to identify books.
Each ISBN is unique to a specific book.
The ISBN is typically found over the bar code on the book's back cover as in the example below and on the title or copyright page.
ref: BooksValue
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2-D Barcodes
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Name
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Picture
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Description
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3-DI |  |
3-DI uses small circular symbols. It is most suited for identification marks on shiny, curved metal surfaces such as surgical instruments.
Lynn Ltd., 912 North Main Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104
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| Code 16K |  |
Structure of 16K is based on Code 128. 128^2 (128 squared) = 16,000
Ted Williams in 1989
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| Code 49 |  |
Two to Eight linear barcode stacked on top of each other with a quite zone in front.
David Allais in 1987 at the Intermec Corporation Everett, WA
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Arraytag |  |
Elemental hexagonal symbols. Can be read from 50 meters. Primarily used in lumber.
Dr. Warren D. Little of the University of Victoria
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Aztec |  |
smallest 15x15 modules square, and the largest is 151x151. Use for ease of printing and ease of decoding.
Andy Longacre of Welch Allyn Inc. in 1995
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| Code1 |  |
Earliest public domain matrix symbology. 8 sizes. Smallest (1A) can hold 13 characters. Largest (1H) 2218 alphanumeric characters.
Ted Williams in 1992
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3CP Code |  |
Square matrix symbols with an L-shaped peripheral Finder and adjacent timing marks.
CP Tron, Inc. El Cerrito, CA
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Data Matrix |  |
Holds a lot of information in small space (1-500 characters). Dot pattern is in absolute pattern relative to the solid
bars on the left and bottom sides. Can be scaled from 1mil. to 14 inch.. Barcode symbology
has redundancy features allowing full scan even if parts are missing.
CIMatrix Nashua, NH and Uniform Symbol Specification - Datamatrix AIM, Inc
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| Dot Code A |  |
Dot space range from 6 x 6, to 12 x 12. Originated from low-resolution printing.
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DataGlyphs |  |
Can be hidden in graphics or printed on unusual surfaces. 1000 8-bit "bytes" per square inch. Contain error correction.
Xerox PARC
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MaxiCode (UPSCode) |  |
1-inch by 1-inch array of 866 interlocking hexagons. Holds 100 ASCII character. Requires high resolution digital printing (thermal or laser).
United Parcel Service (UPS) in 1992 Danbury, CT
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MiniCode |  |
Dual-resolution dependent Barcode.
Omniplanar Princeton, NJ
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pdf417 |  |
P.ortable D.ata. F.ormat. Contains 4 bars within 17 moduals. Holds 1000 to 2000 characters. Each barcode had
start and stop lines on left and right sides.
Ynjiun Wang in 1991 at Symbol Technologies
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| QR Code |  |
Q.uick R.esponse C.ode. Maximum symbol size is 177 modules square, capable of encoding 7366 numeric characters, or 4464 alpha numeric characters.
Capable of holding double byte characters (Japanese Kanji and Kana characters).
Nippondenso ID Systems Southfield, Michigan
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Snowflake Code |  |
100 numeric digits in a space of only 5mm x 5mm.
Electronic Automation Ltd. in 1981. Electronic Automation Ltd. was acquired in March 1999 by Videojet Systems International Inc., a division of Marconi Data Systems Inc.
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Datastrip Code |  |
Data strips are typically up to 5/8 inch wide and up to 9 inches long. Data density can vary from 150 to 1,000 bytes per square inch.
Datastrip Thame, UK
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| SuperCode |  |
Supports non-rectangular and non-butting shapes. Lowest level of error correction is 4,083 alphanumeric data characters, 5,102 digits, or 2,546 bytes
SuperCode was invented by Ynjiun Wang in 1994
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| Ultra |  |
Monochrome(dark/light) or 8 multicolored (typically white, red, green, and blue, or cyan, magenta, yellow and black).
Specially suited for low linear precision because of non-critical columns and variable widths.
Zebra Technologies
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| 2-D section images and excerpts from Russ Adams |
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